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Excavation project guide
Foundation digs, utility trenches, pool holes and bulk earthmoving, priced by the yard or by the hour.
Key facts
Rules and figures that come up in nearly every excavation quote, with the public source for each one.
| Fact | What it says | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Trench protective system | Trenches 5 feet or deeper need a protective system (trench box, shoring or sloped walls) unless cut in stable rock. | OSHA, Excavations (29 CFR 1926.652)As of September 2026 |
| Ladder access | Any trench 4 feet or deeper needs a ladder, stairway or ramp within 25 feet of every worker. | OSHA, Specific Excavation Requirements (29 CFR 1926.651)As of September 2026 |
| Daily inspections | A competent person must inspect the trench before each shift and after every rainstorm. | OSHA, Specific Excavation Requirements (29 CFR 1926.651)As of September 2026 |
| Operator wages | The median construction equipment operator earned $58,320 per year in May 2024 ($28.04 per hour). | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook HandbookAs of September 2026 |
Project guide
Excavation contractors dig and move earth for foundations, basements, utilities, pools and site cuts. Most residential jobs run on a mini or mid-size excavator paired with a skid steer and a dump truck; larger cuts bring in a dozer or scraper. The price depends less on the size of the hole than on what is in the ground: clay, ledge rock, high groundwater and buried utilities all slow the machine down and change the hauling math. Before the bucket touches dirt the site needs an 811 utility locate, and any trench deeper than five feet needs a protective system under OSHA rules.
GradeLine lists 45,569 excavation contractors.Compare their work and equipment, then confirm availability and service area before requesting a quote.
Listed businesses are based in Wolcott, Arundel, Riverton, Uniontown, Shippensburg, South Kingstown, though most crews travel well beyond their home city.
Bulk excavation is usually priced per cubic yard, roughly $2 to $8 for ordinary soil and $40 to $100 or more where rock has to be hammered or blasted. Hourly work with an operator typically runs $100 to $250 for a mid-size excavator, often with a half-day minimum. A basement dig for a typical house lands in the $3,000 to $15,000 range before hauling; a short utility trench can be a few hundred dollars.
Ranges are national and approximate; regional labor rates, material prices and site conditions move them in both directions.
Bulk excavation is usually priced per cubic yard, roughly $2 to $8 for ordinary soil and $40 to $100 or more where rock has to be hammered or blasted. Hourly work with an operator typically runs $100 to $250 for a mid-size excavator, often with a half-day minimum. A basement dig for a typical house lands in the $3,000 to $15,000 range before hauling; a short utility trench can be a few hundred dollars.
Send the site plan or a sketch with dimensions, the target depth, gate and driveway width for equipment access, and anything you know about the soil, the water table or where old lines run.
The main cost items are soil type and rock: clay, caliche and ledge cost several times more per yard than loam; depth, cubic yards and whether a machine can reach the work without matting or a long carry; where the spoil goes: haul-off and dump fees versus stockpiling on site, plus any import fill. A site visit helps the crew see which ones apply.
Call 811 at least two to three business days before digging; it is free and required in every state. Foundation and pool excavation typically falls under the building permit, and trenches in the public right-of-way need a separate road opening or encroachment permit.
Pick a state to see the excavation contractors listed there. Most crews travel well beyond their home city, so confirm the service area before requesting a quote.
Contractor directory
45,569 contractors found

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Arundel, MEYork County
excavation, grading, land clearing, retaining walls, septic systems, site prep

concrete flatwork, demolition, driveways, excavation, foundations, grading
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Uniontown, PAFayette County
erosion control, excavation, foundations, grading, hauling trucking, pond water management
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Shippensburg, PACumberland County
demolition, erosion control, excavation, grading, hauling trucking, land clearing
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Bicknell, INKnox County
decorative concrete, demolition, excavation, foundations, grading, land clearing
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demolition, driveways, excavation, foundations, grading, hauling trucking
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demolition, excavation, retaining walls, septic systems, site prep, trenching underground

demolition, excavation, hauling trucking, septic systems, site prep

Louisville, KYJefferson County
concrete flatwork, decorative concrete, driveways, erosion control, excavation, foundations
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Womelsdorf, PABerks County
demolition, excavation, foundations, grading, land clearing, site prep
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Sodus, MIBerrien County
excavation, grading, hauling trucking, paving prep, site prep, trenching underground
50 years in business

Bothell, WAKing County
driveways, excavation, grading, retaining walls
26 years in business
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Broken Bow, NECuster County
concrete flatwork, demolition, excavation, foundations, grading, pond water management
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